The anniversary of the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 will soon to be upon us, and yet clear information from the Home Office as to the effectiveness of that Act (and how it is proposed that psychoactivity be proved) is in short supply.   This is to be regretted, but hopefully more information will be available soon.  Although it seems clear that retails sales of non-controlled psychoactive substances sold on the open-market has markedly declined (or has ceased), it is not clear to what extent there has been displacement of the trade via online sales or domestic clandestine markets.  The use of fentanyl, its derivatives, and other injectables, give cause for concern.